倒计时200天!四大币种ETF将于今年10月迎来终极审判(附抄币指南)

Odaily星球日报Publicado a 2025-02-21Actualizado a 2025-02-21

Resumen

以太坊ETF或将允许质押,自动附带收益。

原创|Odaily星球日报

作者|jk

倒计时200天!四大币种ETF将于今年10月迎来终极审判(附抄币指南)

近期,美国证券交易委员会(SEC)对多个加密货币现货 ETF 的申请进行了受理和审查,其中 XRP、莱特币(LTC)、狗狗币(DOGE)和 Solana(SOL)的 ETF 进展尤为引人关注。本文整理了各大 ETF 的最新动态、SEC 的审查进程及分析师的预期。

XRP 现货 ETF:申请活跃,SEC 态度略显开放

XRP 现货 ETF 的申请数量较多,多个发行商正在积极推动上市进程。Odaily 此前报道,美国证券交易委员会(SEC)已于 2 月 19 日正式受理 WisdomTree 提交的 XRP ETF 申请,并向公众征求意见。根据 SEC 的审批流程,最晚需在 2025 年 10 月 17 日前作出裁定。2 月 15 日,SEC 确认收到 21 Shares 提交的 19 b-4 申请文件,标志着其 XRP ETF 上市进程进入正式审查阶段。

而时间线上走的更早的是灰度(Grayscale): 2 月 14 日,SEC 受理灰度与纽约证券交易所(NYSE)提交的 19 b-4 申请,拟将灰度 XRP 信托转换为 ETF。SEC 对于这个转换的最晚裁定日期为 2025 年 10 月 12 日。如果按照比特币和以太坊的 ETF 批准风格,那么很有可能在这个日期之前全部批准或者全部拒绝。

彭博 ETF 分析师 James Seyffart 和 Eric Balchunas 预计,XRP 现货 ETF 的获批概率为 65% 。

但同时,XRP 最终的批准会受到几点风险点的影响。

一个公开的战略是,Ripple 公司积极推动中央银行数字货币(CBDC)的发展,曾与黑山等国家合作进行 CBDC 试点项目。Odaily 此前报道,Ripple 还曾花费数百万美元在华盛顿游说,试图成为美国 CBDC 的最终发行方和技术支持方。

然而,美国总统特朗普明确反对 CBDC,曾在比特币大会的演讲上公开说明只要他当选就不会有 CBDC 出现。他认为,CBDC 可能对隐私权产生不利影响。这种立场差异可能导致美国监管层和 XRP 最终成为 ETF 有一些不利影响。

同时,美国证券交易委员会(SEC)曾在 2020 年对 Ripple 提起诉讼,指控其通过销售 XRP 进行未注册的证券发行。尽管 2023 年 7 月,法院裁定 XRP 在二级市场销售时不被视为证券,但 SEC 于 2024 年 10 月对该裁决提出上诉,导致 XRP 价格一度下跌 11% 。

莱特币(LTC)现货 ETF:获批可能性最高

莱特币 ETF 目前被认为是最有可能获批的新加密货币 ETF,主要是因为莱特币长期的市场稳定性、较强的合规性以及与比特币相似的技术架构。作为市场上运行时间最长的加密货币之一,LTC 自 2011 年推出以来一直保持较高的安全性和去中心化水平,与以太坊一样,这使其在 SEC 监管框架下的风险较低。此外,莱特币并未像 XRP 或 SOL 那样被 SEC 认定为证券,而是更接近于比特币的商品属性(也就是说,莱特币没有像 SOL 那样那么明确的进行用于融资目的的代币发行),这降低了监管上的障碍。

2 月 11 日,彭博 ETF 分析师 Eric Balchunas 预测,LTC ETF 的获批概率高达 90% 。2 月 14 日,他又在社交媒体上表示:“如果用棒球术语来说,大部分山寨币 ETF 仍在一垒,唯独莱特币 ETF 正在迈向三垒。”

根据 SEC 的审批流程,莱特币 ETF 的正式受理日期为 1 月 29 日,因此最晚裁定日期为 2025 年 9 月 26 日。

狗狗币(DOGE)现货 ETF:第一个 Meme ETF?

如果 SEC 最终批准 LTC ETF,DOGE ETF 或将成为下一个受益者。从一方面来说,DOGE 网络高度去中心化,缺乏明显的中心化机构或发行方,因此较难被 SEC 认定为证券,而更接近于商品属性,从而更适合 ETF 的发行。其次,DOGE 拥有庞大且活跃的社区支持,长期以来在市场上保持较高的流动性,这使其在机构投资者和散户投资者中都具有一定吸引力,这也给 ETF 的发行保持了一定的需求量。

Odaily 此前报道, 2 月 14 日,SEC 确认收到 Grayscale 和 NYSE 提交的 19 b-4 申请,寻求批准 DOGE ETF。SEC 最晚需在 2025 年 10 月 12 日前作出裁定。

彭博分析师于 2 月 11 日预测,DOGE 现货 ETF 的获批概率为 75% 。随着市场对 DOGE 的关注度上升,其 ETF 申请也在加快推进,但仍需等待 SEC 的最终决定。

Solana(SOL)现货 ETF:SEC 需要推翻自己的证券定义

Solana ETF 的申请在近期迎来了新进展。多家机构开始在今年申请 SOL 现货 ETF;Odaily 此前报道, 2 月 12 日,SEC 在新任领导小组上任以后,已受理 21 Shares、Bitwise、Canary Capital 和 VanEck 提交的 Solana 现货 ETF 申请。此前,这些机构曾因监管问题撤回申请。同时,富兰克林邓普顿也在特拉华州提交文件,注册 Franklin Solana 信托,可能成为 Solana 资产机构化的另一条主线。

然而,Solana(SOL)同样面临监管上的问题。在上届主席 Gary Gensler 的任期当中,SEC 曾在多起诉讼中将 SOL 列为未注册证券(如 2023 年的 Coinbase 和币安诉讼案件当中),增加了其在美国市场运营的复杂性。分析师曾经表示,如果 SEC 最终选择批准 SOL ETF,相当于公开推翻自己对于加密货币作为证券的此前定义,或许将在法庭上带来对于 SEC 的不利影响。

所以,彭博分析师 Seyffart 和 Balchunas 预测 SOL ETF 的获批概率为 70%  。按照 2 月 12 日的接受申请日期,SEC 最晚需在 2025 年 10 月 9 日前作出裁定。

以太坊(ETH)ETF:或将引入质押机制

此前,在 SEC 批准以太坊 ETF 的时候,可能引入质押(Staking)功能,进一步增加投资者收益。

Odaily 此前报道, 2 月 15 日,纽约证券交易所 Arca 向 SEC 提交申请,要求允许 Grayscale 的以太坊 ETF 进行质押,以便从大量 ETH 持仓中获得额外收益。本周早些时候,Cboe BZX 交易也提出了类似申请,允许 21 Shares Core Ethereum ETF 进行质押。

据 Fox 的消息,美国证券交易委员会(SEC)加密货币工作组已经就以太坊 ETF 能否引入质押一事与行业代表展开讨论。目前该工作组已经与 Blockchain Association、Jito Labs 和 Multicoin Capital、纳斯达克,以及律师事务所 Sullivan & Cromwell 大宗商品、期货与衍生品及资本市场团队的合伙人 Colin Lloyd 举行了会议。

质押机制如何引入以太坊 ETF?

自从以太坊转为 PoS 机制之后,质押机制就引入了以太坊;参与者将一定数量的以太坊锁定在网络中以支持其运行,作为回报,他们会获得额外的以太坊作为奖励,一般是通过 Lido 这种流动性质押平台。而通过 ETF 引入质押机制,投资者无需自行操作或管理质押过程,ETF 发行方会代为处理,投资者只需持有 ETF 份额即可间接获得这些质押收益。

也就是说,在投资者购买了以太坊 ETF 的份额之后,以太坊 ETF 的发行方(如 Grayscale)会自动使用投资者的资金购买以太坊,并且把以太坊质押进某个质押服务方,同时把质押收益分给投资者。相比起链上的“购买+质押”两步,购买 ETF 仅需一步就可以持续获得质押以太坊的收益。

此外,Coinbase 作为 Grayscale 以太坊 ETF 的托管方,管理资产规模接近 13 亿美元。若 SEC 批准这些质押提议,以太坊 ETF 市场可能会迎来更强的资金流入。

随着 SEC 和美国各大监管机构的换届,加密友好人士全面上任,XRP、LTC、DOGE 和 SOL 的 ETF 均有望在 2025 年迎来进展。其中,LTC 和 DOGE 的获批概率最高,分别为 90% 和 75% ,而 SOL 和 XRP 的概率则为 70% 和 65% 。此外,以太坊 ETF 若获准质押,将为投资者提供额外收益来源。根据 SEC 的审批流程,最迟需在 2025 年 10 月中旬前对这些 ETF 作出最终裁定。Odaily 将密切关注 SEC 的进一步决定,并为您持续报道。

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