为什么 99% 的人会在 Memecoin 交易中亏损

深潮TechFlowPublicado a 2025-02-20Actualizado a 2025-02-20

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而你,直到为时已晚,才会知道谁是庄家。

作者:Foxi (DeFi / AI)

编译:深潮 TechFlow

我的 Meme 交易账户目前已经亏损了 -60%。我是一个很烂的交易者吗?是的我确实是。但这并不仅仅是因为糟糕的决策,我更愿意相信自己没有比普通赌徒更差劲。那么,问题究竟出在哪里?受到 @0xngmi 的数据启发(他指出玩 Memecoin 的收益甚至比赌场还差),我决定深入探讨看看问题的根源到底是什么。

首先,我承认:我是一个很烂的 Meme 交易者

像许多新手一样,我被市场的炒作和情绪牵着走,追涨杀跌、高买低卖,频繁交易导致滑点,甚至不知不觉地把钱交给了市场中的内幕交易者。

虽然这不是我第一次参与加密货币市场,但这次的经历让我感觉自己在玩一场不公平的游戏。更糟糕的是,这场游戏的规则似乎每时每刻都在变化,并且总是偏向那些掌握更多信息的人。

@0xngmi 计算了在赌场玩轮盘赌的期望收益 (EV) 与 Meme 投机的期望收益之间的对比(仅基于支付的手续费)。

(原图来自 @0xngmi,由深潮 TechFlow 编译)

小额交易的费用为 2.5%,Raydium 的费用为 0.25%。一次投机需要进行两次交易,因此费用需要乘以 2。

Moonshot 的默认滑点设置为 5%,取其一半作为平均三明治攻击估算值。

很难精确估算,因为不同代币之间差异很大,假设每次交易的成本为 2.5%。

这让我开始思考:Meme 投机和实际赌博相比如何?它们的赔率是否一样糟糕?甚至更糟?更重要的是,Meme 交易者只是披着“投资者”外衣的赌场赌徒,还是说背后有更复杂、更隐蔽的机制在操控?根据 @0xngmi 的分析,把钱投入赌场似乎比玩 Meme 更明智。

真实的赔率:Memecoin 与赌场

我们需要谈谈预期价值(EV),这是博彩和交易中的一个核心概念。它告诉我们,平均而言,随着时间的推移,每次下注你可以期望赢得或输掉多少钱。

赌场游戏在数学上有一种“公平的不公平”。从长远来看,你总是可以预测自己会损失多少。让我们来具体看看:

(原图来自 Foxi (DeFi / AI),由深潮 TechFlow 编译)

在传统博彩中,赌场以缓慢且可预测的方式抽取利润。无论是轮盘的每一次旋转,还是老虎机的每一次拉动,都遵循一个已知的概率模型。例如,在美式轮盘赌中,如果你押注红色,你有 47.37% 的几率获胜,以及 52.63% 的几率失败。随着时间的推移,赌场总是会赢,但它并不作弊——只是利用概率让自己占据优势。然而,为了保护赌徒,一些司法管辖区会规定最低返还比例。例如,在安大略省,老虎机的 RTP(玩家返还率)必须至少达到 85%,这意味着赌场的优势(即庄家抽成)最多为 15%。

为什么 99% 的人会在 Memecoin 交易中亏损

与赌场不同,Memecoin 交易看似是一场“机会游戏”,但问题在于,你甚至不知道谁是真正的玩家。虽然 Memecoin 市场没有明确的“庄家优势 (House Edge)”,但通过交易手续费、滑点 (Slippage)、内幕交易和市场操纵,你的资金依然会被慢慢吞噬。而且,这种损耗往往是隐性的,很难量化。

以下是导致 Memecoin 投资者普遍亏损的三大主要原因:

  • 手续费
  • 滑点
  • 市场操纵

1.交易手续费:隐藏的“庄家抽成”

每笔交易都会产生费用。无论您是在集中式交易所(CEX,例如 @bitgetglobal 或者 @MEXC_Official)、去中心化交易所(DEX,例如 @RaydiumProtocol),还是使用交易机器人(例如 @gmgnai,大多数人都在用),这些费用都会逐渐侵蚀您的利润。

CEX费用:每笔交易约 0.1%(买入 + 卖出 = 0.2% 的往返费用)

DEX费用:每笔交易约 0.3%,外加 Gas 费用(每笔交易可能为 $5-$50+)

交易机器人费用:每笔交易约 1%,外加优先费用(可能是普通 DEX 费用的 4 倍)

Memecoin 税:某些项目会从每笔交易中抽取 5%-10% 作为再分配或销毁机制的一部分。例如,@aipool_tee 对卖出交易收取 10% 的费用。

这些交易机器人正在从底层用户中赚取大量资金。尽管现在(2 月 17 日)交易 Meme 的人减少了,但每日收入仍然可以达到 70 万美元以上。

表面上看,0.2%-1% 的交易费用似乎不算高,但当您每天频繁交易时,这些费用会迅速累积。一天内进行 10 次交易,就可能消耗掉您 2%-6% 的本金,这甚至比玩欧洲轮盘赌的损失还要严重。

2.滑点 (MEV 成本)

滑点是指当你以一个价格下单时,由于市场波动,实际执行价格比预期更差。在 Memecoin 交易中,滑点问题尤为严重,尤其是在流动性不足或市场波动剧烈的情况下。

例子:你尝试用 $100 买入某个 Memecoin,但由于流动性不足,你实际只能得到价值 $95 的代币,损失了 5%。

卖出时,也会发生类似的情况。你计划以 $200 卖出,但滑点导致你实际只拿到 $190。

总滑点损失:约 10% 的往返交易成本。

@0xngmi 提到,约 2.5% 的交易费用会因 MEV(三明治攻击成本)被消耗,而在 BNB Chain 上,这一成本可能高达 5% 以上,原因在于其基础设施较差。

一个更优质的区块链基础设施可以显著降低 MEV 成本。这也是为什么很多人认为 Solana 优于 BNB Chain 的原因(对此我完全同意)。如果 @cz_binance 想在 BNB Chain 上推动 Meme 文化,首要任务应该是降低 MEV 成本,从而提升 Memecoin 玩家们的期望值 (EV)。

然而,即使是在 Solana上,2.5%-5% 的 MEV 成本依然比赌场游戏的损失更为严重。如果你在老虎机上发现庄家的抽成高达 10%,你可能会愤怒不已。但在 Memecoin 市场中,这甚至还不是最糟糕的部分。

3.内幕交易与市场操纵

关于这一点,几乎无需多言。与赌场不同,赌场有明确的规则,而 Meme 市场则完全倾向于内部人士。没有任何监管可以阻止团队钱包、开发者或网红通过“拉高出货” (Pump and Dump) 来收割散户交易者。例如以下案例:

$LIBRA:卷走了价值超过 1.07 亿美元的代币

$MELANIA:是否与 Meteroa 有关?

$CAR:非洲 Rugged 事件

$CUBA:另一个国家的 Rugged 事件

$GANG:@mrpunkdoteth 通过粉丝套现 1000 万美元

$Broccoli:被骗子和内部人士操控获利

这些只是冰山一角。可以说,如果你不是像 @frankdegods 那样的内部人士,你几乎没有任何优势去参与这些 Memecoin。在赌场中,你至少知道庄家的抽成是多少,而在 Memecoin 市场中,你甚至不知道谁是庄家,但他们肯定在拿走你的钱。

最终比较:Memecoin 投机 vs 赌博的期望值 (EV)

赌场游戏会随着时间缓慢地抽走你的资金,而 Memecoin 投机则要残酷得多。一笔错误的交易可能瞬间抹去你数周的收益。唯一让人继续参与的动力是偶尔出现的 100 倍收益。但实际上,实现 100 倍收益的概率大约是 1/25,000,这甚至比中彩票的几率还低。

人们往往相信自己是“特别的”或“有技巧的”(是的,我就是那个自以为是的家伙),但最终还是被收割了。

Memecoin 之所以不像赌博,是因为它给人一种虚幻的控制感——一种通过研究、时机和技巧就可以赚钱的错觉。确实,有些交易者能够盈利,但他们只是少数,就像职业扑克玩家一样。而大多数交易者,和大多数赌徒一样,最终都会亏损。

给链上的建议

如果你想吸引用户并增加链上的交易量,请确保交易者的 MEV 成本足够低,并尝试通过合作或基金补贴的方式降低交易手续费。赌场之所以能长期运营,是因为赌徒们愿意持续参与。

给投资者的建议

如果你正在参与 Memecoin 的投机,请记住,庄家总是赢家。而你直到为时已晚,才会知道谁是庄家。如果你意识到自己无法抽身,那你可能已经陷入了赌博成瘾的状态。

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