代币即产品:如何制造人们想要的代币?

Odaily星球日报Publicado a 2024-06-05Actualizado a 2024-06-05

Resumen

代币在某种程度上预测了市场,它反映了人群对一个朝着特定方向发展的项目的集体兴趣,以及预期这种情况发生的可能性。

原文作者:Mark

原文编译:深潮 TechFlow

在 Paul Graham 著名的 Be Good 文章中,他概述了创业公司如何找到产品市场契合点:制造人们想要的东西。如果我们认为我们的代币是产品,那么我们剩下的问题是:我们如何制造人们想要的代币?

Paul 给出的第一个建议是,开始时不要过于担心商业模式,尽管他承认在不考虑如何获取价值的情况下创造价值就是慈善。在加密领域,我们看到事情是反过来的。通过发布实用代币,人们必须购买这些代币才能使用它们(有时提前几年),价值在创造之前就被捕获了。这可能就是为什么许多成功的加密代币生态系统在早期看起来更像骗局而不是慈善,尤其是对于那些深谙传统创业模式的人来说。

是否有可能按照 Paul 最初建议的精神,为了找到代币市场契合点,加密创业公司根本不应该担心为其代币持有者创造即时价值,而应该专注于通过出售代币来首先捕获价值?

代币作为叙事发现工具

构建早期、尚未找到产品市场契合点的创业公司最具挑战性的部分之一是需要不断与客户交谈,以评估他们对你可能想要构建的新产品或功能的兴趣。创始人不懈努力,与生态系统中的各种利益相关者建立关系,希望通过保持紧密联系,他们可以创建紧密的反馈循环,以设计出完全符合市场需求的解决方案。反馈循环越紧密,团队就能越快迭代出最佳解决方案并在市场上进行测试。然而,与客户交谈并不能规模化,愿意与你见面或接电话的人是有限的……那么其他人呢?

当我们观察现有的拥有自己代币的加密项目时,我们发现代币价格与市场对该代币生态系统未来价值的预期之间存在另一种反馈循环。无论是 Uniswap 的代币因收费开关提案而上涨,还是Vitalik 因其计划推出自己的链而出售 MKR,或是$DEGEN 因计划推出L3而上涨,我们看到代币价格对项目未来计划的新闻反应相当灵敏。

代币在某种程度上预测了市场,它反映了人群对一个朝着特定方向发展的项目的集体兴趣,以及预期这种情况发生的可能性。这种反馈循环的效率由代币的流动性决定,像 BTC 和 ETH 这样流动性较高的代币会立即对新闻事件作出反应,而较小的项目则吸引较少的投机者在新闻事件上进行交易。然而,即使是流动性较低的代币,如果人们对项目构建的叙事感兴趣(即他们相信所描述的解决方案将在未来对某人有价值),也会吸引新的买家。过去六个月 AI 代币估值的巨大扩展就是明显的证据:尽管目前很少有 AI 代币为任何持有者创造价值,但市场已经重新评估了这些生态系统未来可能创造的价值,基于传统 AI 创业公司现在已经创造的巨大价值。

这个过程有趣之处在于,通过发布代币并吸引足够的流动性关注(以便人们愿意花时间/金钱来交易你的新闻),团队可能会对未来的产品发布形成极其紧密的反馈循环。除了与人类的对话外,加密产品构建者还可以通过逐一循环这些产品决策,直到找到市场重视的那个(即导致代币价格大幅上涨的那个),来对产品决策进行温度检测。一旦这种情况发生,你就会知道你正在朝市场认为有意义的方向构建,并且在这样做的过程中,你已经利用代币的价格机制作为发现大众市场需求的工具,而无需事先构建任何东西。

代币作为高效的风险投资工具

让人们根据他们对项目未来能满足需求的信念来买入项目的机制,是风险投资的核心。这也是按照 Paul Graham 描述的模式创造价值的前提条件之一,这就是为什么技术创始人早已以某种形式在做这件事。

通常,当创业公司去筹集风险投资时,是因为他们有一组特定的目标或计划,需要新资金来实现。这为创始人提供了一种反馈循环(如果人们讨厌你的新计划,他们就不会投资),但这种反馈既排他又不透明,而且这种反馈循环大约每 18 个月才返回一次。

代币允许任何人随时自由参与为新项目提供资金,从而增加了市场上可参与购买早期项目的可用资金供应量,提高了项目获得资金的比例。如果一项新提案通过提供代币所能实现的新用例,扩大了代币的市场机会,那么市场就会赋予该项目更高的价值,代币库的规模也会随之扩大。这样,市场就是创新的直接融资机制。这正是代币成为扩大地球上人类潜力的强大工具的核心所在。

尽管风险投资家喜欢写长篇文章表达他们对代币的热爱,但显而易见的是,代币直接与风险投资竞争,它们是替代产品。作为一名创始人和现在的风险投资者,我相信对于所有创始人来说,某种程度的风险投资资金是有用且必要的,拥有优秀的团队成员是一个巨大的解锁,特别是当他们愿意积极帮助你建立生态系统时。这取决于团队本身及其所在的市场,但我不认为任何人都需要 0 的资金。风险投资家还在公共代币市场枯竭期间继续资助早期项目方面发挥了重要作用,通常因承担这种风险而获得丰厚回报。

应对市场周期性

代币有一个不幸的缺点,那就是随着市场关注度的变化,资本也会随之流动。市场参与者的类型各不相同,其中投资者的注意力持续时间与他们的投资复杂程度呈正相关。因为人们会根据自己的最新观点不断调整投资组合,代币的价值循环依赖于它能否持续吸引并保持市场参与者的关注,而这些参与者会把精力投入到交易活动中。

团队解决这个问题的一种方法是“叙事冲浪”,即不断将他们的项目与最新最热门的加密货币价值主张联系起来,以吸引流动性。他们希望通过不断增加代币能够实现的功能,来最大化代币的价值。

团队保持新鲜感的另一种方法是使用 Meme:伟大的 Meme 通过在社区中回响产生雪球效应,社区之间的 Meme 战争也非常强大。拥有出色 Meme 创建循环的社区确保始终在社交平台上创建/分享大量内容,保持他们的代币在大家的脑海中。这就是为什么 Meme 是维持代币足够流动性所必需的元素之一,也是为什么 Meme 继续在吸引和保持流动性方面取得成功的原因之一。如果你允许合适的人足够早地加入生态系统,他们将有内在动机去谈论你的项目并帮助其成长。如果你将太多代币的倍数分配给那些不愿意持续分享项目的人,那么它将在长时间内难以维持关注度。

避免决策的过度金融化

想象一个市场完全高效的世界,一个项目的代币价格作为完美的预言机,判断某个行动是否最佳。也许市场充满了大量 AI 代理,它们根据各个项目的更新交易代币,并且能够很好地预测某个特定举措是否会成功。想象一个团队完全依赖这种反馈循环——只采取外部市场参与者验证为值得的行动。如果有人问“谁在这里负责?”正确答案将是整个市场(通过代币价格),其他所有人在代币生态系统中只是帮助实现市场目标的管家或托管人。问题是,这种组织治理系统真的会比其他模型实现更多吗?

我认为答案是否定的。

首先,某个行业的最佳创始人讨厌被告知该做什么。他们对市场非常了解,并且对构建最佳行动路线有自己的想法。其次,最佳创始人通常对这些意见偏离主流共识感到自如。事实上,他们常常以此为傲。重要的是,这些偏离正是他们建立如此成功公司的原因:每个市场误解都是一个套利机会,奖励第一个有勇气反对的人。当今最成功的公司经历了市场积极贬低他们工作的长时间阶段,正是他们抵御这种力量的能力使他们在长期内变得如此有价值。他们通过对整个市场说“你错了”而获胜。

伟大的创始人是有远见的人,他们不像其他人那样追求局部最优解,而是探索新的领域,寻找那些被认为不存在的新机会。他们通过提出其他人从未考虑过的问题,依靠直觉在缺乏数据的情况下快速转换概念。这使他们能够比竞争对手更快地达到产品市场契合度 (PMF),赢得市场,并从无到有地创造出有价值的生态系统。

如果团队收集到了有关有价值的未开发市场的新数据,他们最不愿意做的事情就是公开分享这些数据,让所有竞争对手都能立即看到。通过保密策略,最优秀的创始人可能难以吸引公开市场的注意力,但他们可以通过私人融资轮来吸引资金,这些轮次的参与者都是经过精心筛选、具有高度可信度的。他们还将受益于找到那些能够理解其愿景并具备与创始人相同直觉跳跃能力的投资者——那些与他们一样具有疯狂创意的人。

那么,真正找到代币市场契合点需要什么?

回到我们最初的问题,我们看到代币是一种强大的工具,团队可以使用它来发现他们非常适合的市场需求和叙事。与之前的产品创始人一样,代币创始人可以根据代币提供的大面积反馈,快速迭代代币的价值主张。

为了保持这个反馈循环的活力,团队应该努力在社交平台上持续吸引持久的关注。他们应该深刻了解围绕他们的各种叙事,并理解市场为什么会为每个叙事赋予价值。他们应该使用内容和 Meme 保持在人的注意范围内,以免失去兴趣并重新平衡他们的投资组合。最重要的是,他们应该专注于吸引高价值的贡献者,这些人相信使命,并愿意用他们的资本和精力支持。如果团队做得好,他们将建立一支永远不会出售其代币的支持者大军,并将代币传福音给新的受众。

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