好事将近?StarkWare 发布 STRK 通胀管理提案

foresightnewsPublicado a 2024-02-07Actualizado a 2024-02-07

Resumen

该提案拟增加 STRK 总供应量,通胀率最高为每年 4%。

该提案拟增加 STRK 总供应量,通胀率最高为每年 4%。


撰文:StarkWare

编译:Peng SUN,Foresight News


摘要


  • Starknet 的去中心化要求采用 PoS 机制,即通过参与网络治理、安全和维护工作,向质押者提供代币奖励。
  • StarkWare 为 Starknet 提出的代币发行提案主要由两方面组成:
  • 质押代币越多,总通胀率就越高;
  • 质押代币越多,质押奖励占质押金额的百分比就越低。
  • 与所有重要的协议升级一样,该提案需通过社区与治理批准才能生效。


简介


2022 年 7 月,StarkWare 提出了 Starknet 网络完全去中心化的路径,并解释了 Starknet 原生代币 STRK 将在其中起到什么作用。该计划的一部分是将 Starknet 定序器和证明器的运行过渡至 PoS 协议,即任何人都可以参与排序,这样的话网络运行将不再依赖于任意单方。


任何 STRK 持有者都可以参与 Starknet 质押,使社区能够参与网络的治理、安全和整体维护。


每个 PoS 机制都需要一种代币发行机制,既能鼓励参与网络维护,又能管理通胀预期。在这份提案中,我们提出了一种在 Starknet 过渡至 PoS 之前实现这一目标的具体机制。


指南


基于以太坊从 PoW 过渡至 PoS 后的货币政策,Starknet 提议的通胀机制旨在实现质押奖励与通胀预期之间的平衡:


  • 为网络(治理、安全和维护)做出贡献的质押者提供奖励。部分质押奖励将用于抵消网络质押的固定成本,质押者也可能会从手续费中获得额外奖励。
  • 通过设定通胀率上限来设定 STRK 通胀预期。Starknet 代币 STRK 总供应量为 100 亿枚。若该质押提案生效,STRK 总供应量将会增加,但通胀率将被限制在每年 4%(下文将对此进行详细介绍)。


为了实现这一目标,该机制需要新增发行大量 STRK 以确保质押者能够获得充分奖励,同时还要防止质押率过高,导致代币流通过多、通胀失控。


这就意味着:


  • 质押代币越多,总通胀率就越高(以确保质押者获得足够多的奖励);
  • 质押代币越多,质押奖励就越低(以实现质押者奖励和控制通胀之间的平衡)。该机制可通过市场来调节质押率,并确保有充分的代币质押。


代币发行曲线


我们已经确定,质押率与总通胀率之间应存在直接关系,而质押率与质押奖励之间应存在反比关系。采用以太坊的「平方根」权衡法,我们建议通胀率与质押率的平方根成正比,并添加参数以确保在 25% 的质押率下,年通胀率为 2%。


这意味着通胀公式为 M = 0.4 * √ S。其中,S 是以代币总供应量百分比为单位的质押率,M 是以代币总供应量百分比为单位的年通胀率。譬如,S=25 表示有 25%=1/4 的代币被质押,在这种情况下,平方根为 5,M=0.4*5=2,表示年通胀率为 2%。通胀公式和隐含奖励率如下图所示:



这意味着理论上,如果质押率达到 100%,那么年通胀率最高则为 4%。以下是其他一些示例:



以上面第一行为例。如果质押率全年固定在 10%,那么年通胀率约为 1.26%,也就是说,年底流通代币数约为当年第一天代币数量的 1.0126 倍,每位质押者的年回报率约为 12.6%(以 STRK 为单位)。一些次要细节以及质押率和奖励的计算时间将在未来 SNIP(Starknet 改进提案)中确定。


值得注意的是,只有当 Starknet 供应计划启动、STRK 成为可转让代币后,该计划才能生效。此外,作为 Starknet 去中心化进程的一部分,代币发行机制还需要可用且无需许可的质押。最后,任何代币发行提案都必须通过社区治理投票。


总结


Starknet 将继续实现去中心化,下一步是过渡至 PoS 机制。Starknet 网络将需要一种机制来发行新代币,这种机制既能奖励代币质押者,鼓励参与网络维护,又能设定通胀预期。


我们期待在 SNIP 中更详细地介绍这一代币通胀曲线提案,并期待社区的意见。

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