一文带你了解近期比特币资产发行新协议

Odaily星球日报Publicado a 2023-12-30Actualizado a 2023-12-30

Resumen

继Oridinals、Atomicals、Pipe等协议之后,比特币最近又有哪些新的资产发行协议,他们有哪些创新,表现又如何呢?

一、Rune.Alpha

Rune Alpha 之所以能够火起来,主要是由于最近讨论度很高的“符文”概念。之前推文中已经介绍了“符文”的概念与由来,这里再简单介绍一下。

“符文(Runes)”的概念最初由 Casey 提出,因 BTC Core 核心开发者 Luke 对“铭文”的反对而再次受到重视。“符文”和“铭文”的一点本质区别是“符文”存储在 UTXO,而基于 Ordinals 的 BRC-20 之类的“铭文”是存在比特币脚本的隔离见证数据中的 JSON 文本。

我们这里要介绍的 Rune Alpha 虽然自称是“符文”,但是根据 Rune Alpha 白皮书中所说,它是建立在 ordinals 协议 0.11.1 版本的一个新的铭文协议,和 Casey 提出的“符文”并不相同。所以 Rune Alpha 其实并非“符文”,只是在名字上蹭到了“符文”的热度。

但是,是不是真“符文”其实也不重要,Rune Alpha 已经成功蹭到了热度,在币圈你可以名声臭,但是绝对不能没有名气。该协议的第一个代币 $cook 的铸造成本为十几 U 左右,目前场外价格涨到了 400 U,目前并未推出交易市场。

二、CBRC-20 

CBRC-20 是通过 Ordinals 为比特币上的可替代代币制定的高效元协议标准提案。通过利用 ord 0.10+ 中引入的新 metadata 和 metaprotocol 字段(允许将任意属性直接存储在 Inscription 信封内),CBRC-20 保持相同 BRC-20 元协议的功能逻辑,同时降低每个铭文的成本并简化索引过程。

既然 CBRC-20 是对 BRC-20 的一种升级版本,那么他实现了哪些优化呢?

  • 降低了记入成本

部署、铸造或转移任何 CBRC-20 代币只需在代币上刻上数字 “ 0 ” 即可完成。作为文本文件,与其他元协议序数代币标准相比,铭文成本降低了 10 倍。

  • 简化索引

CBRC-20 提供了一种简单的方法来索引 CBRC-20 元协议状态,因为所有信息都可以直接在每个铭文的信封中获取。

  • MIME 数据的灵活性

CBRC-20 标准允许使用任何 MIME 数据来部署、铸造或传输 CBRC-20 代币。示例:对代币发出指令内容只需填入” 0 “,作为文本内容与其他 Ordinals 元协议相比,成本降低了 10 倍。

  • 兼容 Ordinals 协议更高版本

与仅限于 Ordinals 0.9 版功能的 BRC-20 不同,CBRC-20 可以利用 Ordinals 0.10 版及更高版本中引入的最新功能。

目前 CBRC-20 团队并未开发自己的市场,而是通过各种巧妙方法使自家代币上线了交易市场。

  • 一个是通过 RuneX 直接上线铭文 SWAP;

一文带你了解近期比特币资产发行新协议

  • 另一个是通过油猴爆改 Unisat,直接强制上架 Unisat。铭刻出来的转移铭文都是 cbrm 合集,创始人做了一个油猴插件,直接可以读取 Unisat 上面铭文信息,然后就可以看到具体是哪一个铭文了。

一文带你了解近期比特币资产发行新协议

除了上线上面两个交易市场外,社区自发做出了 CBRC-20 代币的交易市场,还将 CBRC-20 代币依附于 BRC-20 代币,进行一种类似”特洛伊木马“方法将 CBRC-20 代币上线 Unisat,但是该方法实验性质较强,对资产的安全没有保障。

最近创始人开启一项 OSMOSIS 实验,并部署了第一个元-元协议铭文 $SYMM。如何理解”元协议“和“交叉索引”呢?

“元协议”是 Ordinals 社区用来描述可交互“协议”的术语。通过链上信息的链下索引(如 BRC-20、SNS、Bitmap 等)形式化。

由于两个 BRC/CBRC 元协议的非重叠性质,因此可以铭刻一次同时完成完成两个元协议的部署/铸造/传输等操作。如果持有者同时持有两者,那手中的 $SYMM 则“valid”(有效)。下图为一个二合一的 $SYMM 铭文左图是铭刻。

一文带你了解近期比特币资产发行新协议

总览来看 CBRC-20 如同”特洛伊木马“一般,利用 CBRC-20 的铭刻方法同时铭刻多个协议的铭文,从而对其他协议进行了某种程度的”吸血鬼攻击“。就像创世人经常在推特发的特洛伊木马一样,CBRC-20 实现了“借壳上市”。

一文带你了解近期比特币资产发行新协议

三、BTNS

Broadcast Token Naming System(BTNS,广播代币命名系统)是 BTC 早期持有者和开发成员之一 @jdogresorg,构建的处于 BTC 主链的生态系统。其基本构想是通过每一笔的 BTC 链上传输附加上广播信号,以区块链上记录作为数据依据,通过账本索引为手段,来让 BTC 发布自己的链上原生资产 token 和 NFT 成为可能。

BTNS-420 是 @jdogresorg 基于 BTNS 进行构建的集成资产发布和转移等多种生态特征的代币协议标准,BTNS-420 的出现让 BTNS 的构想成为可能。

BTNS 代币和铭文、符文有什么区别?

  • 首先 BTNS 生态的代币资产没有对 BTC 进行更改和占用更符合 BTC 生态的风向标。而铭文符文都依赖于 BTC 这一货币本身进行存储,其会产生大量的 BTC 代币占用和资源浪费。基于广播的形式进行的资产铸造更为公开公正,虽然索引是由 @jdogresorg 进行构建,但是所有的广播数据跟随 BTC 的交易信息进行区块存储的,完全透明公开可查询,索引的存在更多的是对资产的总量进行限制和追踪,而不是中心化的想索引谁就去索引谁。

  • BTNS 没有任何的潜在风险,因为 BTNS 已经做到了完全开源,并且所有的基础设施建设都是基于 BTC 本身具有的特性和功能进行延伸开发,没有重大争议性讨论。

BTNS 带来了哪些价值?

  • BTNS 将发布基于 BTC 主链的资产从不可能变成了可能,并且完全依赖于 BTC 本身的特性,其发布让 BTC 可以总量无损耗占用的情况下构建所有的资产。随着更多的完善其非常可能将 BTC 变成完全可玩、环保的主流生态链(注意是生态链,而不是一个价值币)

  • 最近的铭文符文革命带来的 BTC 拥堵问题。笔者认为如果引入 BTNS 来构建生态,其本身框架以及升级的代币协议允许空投、公平索引(指规定或者特定指令索引)等方式,使得资产不再靠抢,不是先到先得,gas 高先得,是更为公平的获得方式选择,如登记地址空投、规定区块限制、甚至可以做到低 gas 交易索引

据社区所说,@jdogresorg 正在度假,暂停了开发工作,目前从其推特更新来看,也确实是这个情况。所以本该开发的市场,到现在也没有进度。

总结

以上就是最近比特币新协议的介绍了,其中 Rune Alpha 和 CBRC-20 都没有脱离铭文的概念,都是基于 Ordinals 的一种资产发行方式,但 CBRC-20 在创新性上做得更好,让同时铸造多种协议的铭文成为了可能。BTNS 在概念上是比这两者大的,BTNS 属于元协议的范畴,而 Rune Alpha 和 CBRC-20 都属于“二层协议(指基于 Ordinals 这种原协议开发的标准或协议)”,并且 BTNS 以“广播”的形式,使比特币上的资产发行不再占用比特币(这里不对占用与否的优劣进行评价)。

相关网站

Rune Alpha 官网:https://runealpha.xyz/

CBRC-20 官网:https://cybord.org/explore.html

参考文章

1.《BRC-20 白皮书》

2.《CBRC-20 白皮书》

3.Casey Rodarmor’s Blog

4.《Rune Alpha 白皮书》

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