V神担心的事还是发生了！阿蟹的跨链桥被黑6亿美金，意味着什么？

白话区块链Publicado a 2022-03-30Actualizado a 2022-03-30

Resumen

今天一大早，社群又炸锅了，原来是阿蟹的Ronin桥被黑，属于用户的6亿美金已躺在黑客的钱包里了，而且还是6天前被黑现在才被发现。

“又是桥，又是相似的6.x亿美刀，关键6天前出事，项目方今天被第三方通知了才知道的，看得我脑壳疼…大无语”，加密KOL@神鱼er在微博无奈评论道：“完犊子了，桥6天前被黑了，非原生链上资产等于空气了TheRoninbridgehasbeenexploitedfor173,600Ethereumand25.5MUSDC.”

在Ronin团队进行”抢救”的同时，除了担心资金能不能要回来之外，大部分人或许更关心的是，跨链桥再次出现严重事故意味着什么？我们目前看到的至少有以下几点。

以太坊“安全第一”的路线是正确的

众所周知，以太坊扩容的解决方案和升级路线一度因为追求“极致安全性”导致过程过于漫长而饱受诟病，许多人以此为由批评以太坊这么多年来“毫无建树”、进度太慢，以至于被许多竞争“高速”链抢跑。

其实之所以以太坊解决扩容问题的进度慢，除了“船大难掉头”的原因之外，更多是因为以太坊社区遵循的“安全第一”的线路，在安全性上绝不妥协，每次硬分叉重要升级都要反复长期的测试后才能正式上线。

事实上以太坊联合创始人V神不止一次质疑并批评跨链桥潜在的安全性问题。最近一次V神表达对跨链桥方案安全问题的担忧是在今年1月份，他在参加在一档线上采访节目时提到在单链中，您可以方便的恢复链，每个人都可以把资产恢复到初始状态。在多条链的情况下，如果资产出问题了，链的恢复问题就很大。更早些时候，V神推特上转发了一个Reddit帖子链接，其中他讨论了对多链未来的信念，但对跨链生态系统表示怀疑。VitalikButerin认为“跨链桥存在基本安全限制”。

而对于以太坊，V神在文章中表示，在51%攻击的情况下，攻击者不能提出一个带走某人ETH的区块，因为这样的区块会违反共识规则，因此会被网络拒绝。换句话说，他认为，即使99%的算力被用于非法拿走另一个钱包的ETH，节点也会简单地遵循剩余1%的链，因为它是唯一遵循协议规则的区块集，因此“诚实”的区块将始终保持状态的一致性。

以太坊Layer2比高速链更有竞争力

在所有智能合约公链中，以太坊最安全一直是一个共识。包括阿蟹的Ronin的POS侧链在内的许多“高速链”发布的理由都是为解决以太坊的“高费低速”问题，但大部分“高速链”为了性能的提升或多或少都在安全性上做出了一定程度的妥协。

去年10月份，以太坊线路图更新为以Rollup构建为中心以后，几个RollupLayer2方案便备受关注。截至目前，以太坊主要Layer2网络总TVL已经超过70亿美金。由于大部分情况下Layer2直接继承了以太坊主网的安全性的同时又能获得媲美高速链的性能。

到目前为止，除了Layer2几个方案进度稍慢一点之外，一些进展比较快的Layer2已经获得良好的表现，高速链应该已经感受到压力了。早前就有不少人提到过，未来以太坊Layer2将会与高速链直接竞争。

另外，同为多签侧链的PolygonPos侧链现在是否已经在瑟瑟发抖了？希望Polygon能尽快升级这个临时方案。

来源：L2beat

使用成熟的独立链解决方案会更安全

追溯阿蟹的发展历史，早前是在LoomNetwork这个以太坊侧链上的一个DApp，由于该侧链进展问题，又迫于游戏迅速发展情况下的迫切需求才自行开发的Ronin侧链，或许就在这个时候埋下的“隐患”。

相比项目开发团队自行研发技术解决方案，其实很多时候不如采用成熟的解决方案而不是重复造轮子，比如说通过CosmosSDK现成的方案来开发高速链再桥接到以太坊上，目前已经有诸如主流平台公链、Luna、Aragon、KAVA等均已长期验证了CosmosSDK的安全性。

来源：Coin98Analytic

所以，如果Ronin当时不用重复造轮子，而是采用成熟的解决方案，或许安全性会更高的同时，成本更低。

侧面解释了为什么大多数

NFT都要以太坊链上

一直以来，有一些人很不解以太坊又慢、手续费又贵，为什么主流的NFT都要发布在以太坊上？现在答案来了，那就是以太坊更安全，并且的同时生态更庞大，开发者和用户数都最多。之前不少团队在高速链上发布了GameFi，又总是都要跨链到以太坊上来的原因就在这里，记得有一个项目方曾经这样说：“资金大的用户，很多都只在以太坊上，只购买以太坊上的NFT。”

来源：Opensea

这里就要提到加密生态的“正统性”了，也就是V神早前发布文章《正统性是加密生态最稀缺的资源》中所提到的那样，加密资产之所以强大，是因为它使我们能够通过集体经济意愿召集大量资本，而这些资本在一开始就不受任何人的控制。相反，这些资本池是由正统性概念直接控制的。以太坊拥有非常丰富的应用层生态系统，我们在其中拥有更大的灵活性。部分原因是因为不仅有机会可以影响现有项目，还可以塑造将来将要出现的新项目。

小结

在过去的数年里，由于以太坊和比特币的性能欠缺，加密世界出现了很多扩容方案想要解决它们的问题，但最后我们得以验证，对于区块链和加密项目来说，安全始终应该是第一位的，要在保证了安全性的前提下再去提升性能。也只有这样才能成为加密世界的“常青树”。

别忘了，加密世界的初心是什么。

参考资料：

VitalkReddit:https://old.reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/rwojtk/ama_we_are_the_efs_research_team_pt_7_07_january/hrngyk8/

VitalikButerin’swebsite《TheMostImportantScarceResourceisLegitimacy》https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/03/23/legitimacy.html

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